Updated Aug 2024 Monkeypox is caused by a virus of the orthopoxvirus group. This group includes viruses causing smallpox (variola) in humans, and animal pox like cowpox, monkeypox, camelpox, horse pox, raccoon pox, and many others. CAUSATIVE VIRUS Pox is a viral disease in humans and other animals, characterized by rash and eruptions of the skin